What is Ethanol?
Ethanol is a type of alcohol mostly produced from agricultural crops. It is the same alcohol that is also found in beverages, but for vehicles, it is specially processed for fuel use.
Sources of Ethanol
Sugarcane
Corn
Rice
These crops are processed industrially to produce ethanol.
History of Ethanol Use in Pakistan
In Pakistan, the blending of ethanol with petrol and diesel began after 2007. However, over time, it became evident that the disadvantages outweighed the benefits, and consumers had to bear financial losses.
Effects of Ethanol on Vehicles
Negative Aspects
1. Decrease in Mileage
A car that gives 15 km per liter on 100% petrol may drop to only 9–10 km per liter if run on 20% ethanol and 80% petrol.
2. Corrosion in the Fuel Tank
If a vehicle with ethanol-blended petrol remains unused for a few days, rust begins to form inside the fuel tank.
3. Damage to Vehicle Parts
Chemically, ethanol is different from petrol. It damages rubber, plastic, and some metal parts, which causes early wear and tear of the engine and fuel system.
4. Financial Burden on Consumers
Reduced mileage and faster damage to vehicle parts lead to higher repair and fuel costs.
5. Economic Loss for Pakistan
Most vehicles in Pakistan are not designed to run on ethanol, nor is there a comprehensive plan for its use. As a result, instead of benefiting the economy, it creates greater losses.
Positive Aspects
1. Lower Air Pollution
Ethanol combustion produces relatively less smoke and carbon emissions compared to petrol.
2. Boost to Agriculture
If successful, ethanol use could increase the demand for sugarcane, corn, and rice, benefiting farmers.
Conclusion
For now, the use of ethanol in Pakistan is causing more harm than good. Although it reduces air pollution to some extent, the decline in fuel efficiency, damage to vehicle parts, and extra financial burden on consumers make it impractical. In a country like Pakistan, where most vehicles are not designed for ethanol use, it is proving to be harmful both for the public and the economy.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Ethanol in Vehicles in Pakistan
